The applicable device reference manual defines the. Interfacing sdram on highperformance microcontrollers. The sdram controller reference design is available in verilog and vhdl that is optimized for the altera apextm architecture. Typical pci system with lattice ddr sdram controller pci bus master1 pci if block pci bus master2 lattice ddr sdram controller sdram external bank 0 e. Arbitrating between a latency intolerant command and an overdue refresh requirement requires complex prioritization within the controller. The design example is a fullyfunctional example design. Ddr3 sdram controller ip core pinout generation utility. The ddr3 sdram controller with altmemphy ip offers the highperformance controller ii hpc ii, which provides high efficiency and advanced features.
Set the register values for the ddr controller registers to match your external ddr memory characteristics. The main function of ddr3 memory controller sdram is used to program and to store a data. The timing diagram specified the frequency, duty cycle, setup, hold time etc, in most cases, with max and min in a range. Ddr sdram controller table 551 provides a summary of all ddr sdram controller sfrs. A refresh cycle cannot hold up a read or write request. This shows the standard format of an sdram command register. The design of the developed sdram mode controller is shown in figure 3. Ddr sdram is similar in function to the regular sdram but doubles the bandwidth of the memor y by tr ansfer r ing data on both edges of the clock cycles sdram is the most prefer able memor y for. Ddr and ddr2 sdram controller with altmemphy intel fpga ip. Ddr and ddr2 sdram controller with altmemphy ip user. This twobit bus activates one of the four banks of memory in the sdram.
Implementation of ddr sdram memory controller for embedded soc. This application note examines the basics of ddr, provides general boardlevel design guidelines for using the msc711x. The megawizard plugin manager generates an exam ple toplevel file, consisting of an example driver and your ddr or ddr2 sdram highperformance controller custom variation. Ddr or ddr2 sdram controller with altmemphy ip creates for you. Dynamic memory controllers are found in general purpose and softreal time systems with unpredictable traffic. The ddr sdram controller uses a 90o phase shifted system clock to capture read data in the center of the data window.
The project also contains a simple push button interface for testing on the dev board. An sdram controller specifically for providing the correct memory control signals, connections, and timing for sdram devices. Sram used for onchip memory like caches and scratchpads. The design of the developed sdrammode controller is shown in figure 3. The principle applied in ddr is exactly as the name implies double data rate. This sdram controller reference design, located between the sdram and the. The memory burst length can be two, four, or eight for ddr sdram devices, and four or eight for ddr2 sdram devices. Programmable burst lengths of 2, 4, and 8 programmable cas latency of 2, 2. The ddr3 sdram controller is available as an ipexpress user configurable ip core, which allows the configuration of the ip and generation of a netlist and simulation file for use in designs. Ddr2 and ddr3 sdram controller with uniphy intel fpga ip core release notes 2019.
Ddr sdram controller pipelined lattice semiconductor. Then, you convert this timing specification to the controller equivallent time. A dynamicsdrammodecontrol scheme for lowpower systems. The controller i designed needed to satisfy these goals. Ddr2 synchronous dram sdram has succeeded ddr as the highest volume sdram, providing higher performance than ddr. The component consists of a ddr sdram controller core with configurable options and a ddr. Microcontrollers and ide solution, custom memory ip and ios, ddr3ddr2 memory controller, 3d graphics processor for wearablesiot, gigabit ethernet phy cores, wired and wireless connectivity view vendor page. A ddr2 sdram controller using both a feedback and a system pll. Ddrc register summary register name bit range bits 3115 3014 29 2812 2711 2610 259 248 237 226 215 204 193 182 171 16. Ddr sdram controller verilog code and chinese documentation. Synchronous dram, 4mx4 pdso44 340 immediate available. This output is derived from the master clock and it drives the clock input of the external sdram. Ddr2 sdram enabled a significant increase in performance compared to previous forms of sdram. Sdram controllers with altmemphy ip offer the highperformance controller ii.
Synthesizable ddr sdram controller columbia university. Memory map selection of real time sdram controller using. The hard controller ip ddr3 sdram controller with uniphy require using and external oscillator to clock it. Pdf implementation of ddr sdram controller using verilog. The ddr sdram read and write operations are simplified by the controller. The access time for read and the write cycle is optimized based on the cas latency and burst length of the ddr sdram. Memory controller summary efficiency predictability flexibility static controller design dynamic controller design static memory controllers are found in critical systems with wellknown traffic. Implementing multiple legacy ddrddr2 sdram controller interfaces. This is a very a simple sdram controller which works on the de0 nano. Ntlab provides rf, analog and mixedsignal asics design and ips in various technologies and processes.
The ddr sdram controller pipelined is available as an ipexpress user configurable ip core, which allows the configuration of the ip and generation of a netlist and simulation file for use in designs. The memory controller provides a generic command interface to the users application. For system requirements and installation instructions, refer to quartus ii. The ddr and ddr2 sdram controller with altmemphy intel fpga ip core work in conjunction with the altmemphy physical interface ip function. Please note that generating a bitstream may be prevented or the bitstream may have time logic present unless a license for the ip is purchased. Susin federal university of rio grande do sul porto alegre, brazil abstract. The sdram controller design files generated by sopc builder are suitable for both. This output drives the writeenable input of the sdram. The sdr sdram controller is available in either verilog hdl or. Contains the ddr and ddr2 sdram controller compiler files and documentation.
The ddr3 pinout generation utility is a gui tool capable of generating the pinout and preference files that contain information for a design that uses the ddr3 sdram controller ip core. This input is a copy of the sdram clock signal with delays added by its passage out of the fpga to the sdram and back into the fpga through a global clock input. Table 6 lists the toplevel io ports for the sdram controller interface. The controller takes care of the sdram timing parameters and refresh. Typical sdr sdram clock rates are 66, 100, and 3 mhz periods of 15, 10, and.
Ddr sdram devices are the silicon memory resour ce most frequently us ed in systems today, with applications ranging from consumer products to video systems. Controller the controller accepts burst transactions from the user interface and generates transactions to and from the sdra m. The ddr3 sdram transmitted the read data and data strobes are edge aligned. The ddr sdram controller supports data width of 64 bits and burst length of 4 and cas column address strobe latency of 2 and in this pipelined sram controller design, improvement of 28. Ddr and ddr2 sdram controller with altmemphy ip user guide. This controller consists of an addressalignment unit, a. This interface reduces the effort to integrate the module with the remainder of the application and minimizes the need to deal. More information about this utility, including downloads and documentation is available here. The core accepts commands using a simple local interface and translates them to the command sequences required by mobile. The following are the features of the ahb bus interface block parameterized data path widths of 32, 64 and 128 bits on the amba bus and the user interface bus. Ddr3 sdram controller with altmemphy user guide, external. The ddr sdram controller supports the following features. Conclusion asic design methodology is opted for double data rate ddr sdram controller. Sdram added a clock signal and the concept of memory commands.
Ddr controller performance continues to be important, more new applications are demanding higher throughput, improved power management and better reliability. Dimm data2 address2 control pci bus command address dataout datain chip sel0 busarbiter lattice pci master target ip core local target bus ddr sdram memory 0 4mx8bit ddr sdram. The controller instantiates an instance of the altmemphy. Ddr sdram device frequencies range to 200 mhz or ddr400. Ddr2 and ddr3 sdram controller with uniphy ip core release notes. For the ddr sdram controller, the data passes through the controller, and the controller handles all ddr related synchronization and timing generation. The lovehate relationship with ddr sdram controllers. The msc711x memory controller supports double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory ddr sdram devices, which are designed to be a high data rate migration path from the standard single data rate sdr memory devices. The ddr actually doubles the rate data is transferred by using both the rising and falling edges of a typical digital pulse. First, you will have a clear specification in your ddr controller interface. The controllers offer a halfrate interface and a fullrate interface to the customer application logic. Northwest logics mobile double data rate ddr sdram controller core is designed for use in applications requiring high memory throughput, high clock rates and full programma bility. Sdr sdram controller pdf for illustration purposes, the micron sdr sdram mt48lc32m4a2 8meg x 4 x 4 banks is chosen for this design.
The basic idea is that activestandby mode is available when the access result is a hit and standby mode is available when the access result is a miss. The sdram controller core with avalon interface is sopc builderready and. This paper deals with reusability issues in the development of a double data rate ddr sdram controller module for fpgabased systems. Microcontrollers and ide solution, custom memory ip and ios, ddr3ddr2 memory controller, 3d graphics processor for wearablesiot, gigabit ethernet phy cores, wired and wireless connectivity. To force quartus to use the coreclkout as input clock for ddr3 controller a little hack must be done after hdl code is generated. Introduction the altera ddr sdram controller megacore function provides a simplified interface to industrystandard ddr sdram memory. Ddr and ddr2 sdram controllers with altmemphy ip user guide. Use the rtg4 ddr memory controller configurator to configure the ddr controller, select its datapath bus interface axi or ahb, and select the ddr clock frequency as well as the fabric datapath clock frequency. Whether you use the intellectual property ip toolbench in the platform designer formerly qsys or the intel quartus prime design software, it generates a design example, instantiates a phaselocked loop pll, an example driver, and your ddrddr2 sdram controller custom variation. Figure 4 shows the system with an ahb bus interface block. A synthesis tool is not able to translate these specific macros in the designentry by inference. This family reference manual section is meant to serve as a complement to device data sheets. This provides the ddr2 sdram controller hub with the flexibility to send read or write commands sooner after the activate command that previously possible.
The core accepts commands using a simple local interface and translates them to the command sequences required by mobile ddr sdram devices. Sdram controller pdf ddr and ddr2 sdram controller compiler user guide. However most of the operations of sdr sdram and ddr sdram controller are same, but in case of ddr sdram controller we need to modify some features since it uses double data rate architecture. Data rate sdram controller and integrated it with a pro cessor. It coalesces write and read transactions to reduce the number of dead cycles involved in turning the bus around. Table i synthesis results of ddr sdram controller obtained in cadence rtl area in cells 384 leakage power in nw 72. An sdram controller for realtime systems dtu orbit. Implementation of ddr sdram controller using verilog hdl.
Xilinx xapp851 ddr sdram controller using virtex5 fpga. The ddr sdram controller logic must also facilitate the refresh requirements for the drams. The core also has separate datain and dataout buses at the user interface. Pdf asic implementation of ddr sdram memory controller. Data rate sdram controller and integrated it with a pro. Contains the ddr and ddr2 sdram controller compiler files and. Ddr2 and ddr3 sdram controller with uniphy ip core. Ultrascale architecture fpgas memory interface solutions v7. Memory controllers integrated circuits ics digikey. Earlier memory technology such as sdram transferred data after one complete digital pulse. Corresponding registers appear after the summaries, which include a detailed description of each bit. The access time for read and the write cycle is optimized based on. The hard controller ip ddr3 sdram controller with uniphy. Please note that generating a bitstream may be prevented or the bitstream may h ave time logic.
Interfacing sdram on highperformance microcontrollers design. Based on the dktm4c129x evm and with a system frequency of 120 mhz, the maximum sdram clock achievable is 60 mhz. Design and simulation of ddr3 sdram controller for high. Figure 11 on page 11 shows a systemlevel diagram including the example toplevel file that the ddr3 sdram controller with altmemphy ip creates for you. It is a video display standard that gives virtex6 fpga board, ddr3 sdram, web camera module, monitor display. For a halfrate controller, the memory clock runs twice as fast as the clock provided to th e local interface, so data buses on the local interface are four times as wide as the memory data bus. An auto precharge function may be enabled to provide a selftimed row precharge that is. Contribute to stffrdhrnsdram controller development by creating an account on github. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. About this core ddr sdram controller megacore function user guide table 5 shows the level of support offered by the ddr sdram controller megacore function to each of the altera device families. For initializing the ddr sdram controller, separate state machines are designed internally. Ddr3 sdram controller with altmemphy ip and altmemphy. Dynamic random access memory dram has been serving that function for decades, successfully adapting to the market needs over many dram generations.
The development of integrated systemsonachip soc is based on the reuse of modules, or intellectual property ip cores. Dram devices are available in component or module configurations. View and download samsung ddr3 sdram product manual online. The ddr sdram controller uses architecture specific primitives and macros that are instantiated in the hdl code using the vendor library models. Finally, the eenote also discusses sdram throughput optimization guidelines.
The lower order bits define the burst length expected on the bus. Access to a large array of cheap, fast, high bandwidth memory is a fundamental requirement of most applications today. The ddr sdram controller architecture is implemented in verilog hdl. Figure 1 shows a systemlevel diagram of the sdr sdram controller. The double data rateddr synchronous dynamic random access memorysdram controller provides a simplified interface to industry standard ddr sdram memory.